Pneumatics, Hydraulics - Shock Absorbers, Dampers

Pneumatics and hydraulics are branches of engineering that deal with the use of pressurized gas and liquid, respectively, to generate and transmit mechanical force and motion. Shock absorbers and dampers are devices that are used in both pneumatic and hydraulic systems to dampen or reduce the effects of shock, vibration, and oscillation. Shock absorbers are used in systems where sudden, high-impact forces are applied, such as in the suspension of a vehicle or in the actuation of a robotic arm. They work by converting the kinetic energy of the impact into heat, which is then dissipated through the shock absorber. This helps to prevent damage to the system and to provide a smooth and controlled motion. Dampers are similar to shock absorbers, but they are used in systems where there is a need to control or dampen the motion of an object over a longer period of time. They are commonly used in doors and windows to control their closing speed, in HVAC systems to regulate the flow of air, and in other applications where a smooth, controlled motion is desired.