Programmable/Variable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs/VGAs)

A programmable gain amplifier (PGA) or a variable gain amplifier (VGA) is a type of electronic amplifier that can be programmed or adjusted to provide a specific gain. PGAs and VGAs are commonly used in radio frequency (RF) and microwave systems, where the gain of an amplifier may need to be adjusted to match the impedance of the system or to compensate for changes in signal level. PGAs and VGAs typically consist of one or more amplifier stages that are controlled by a gain control circuit. The gain control circuit can be programmed or adjusted to set the gain of the amplifier to a specific value. Some PGAs and VGAs also have the ability to vary the gain continuously over a range of values, allowing the amplifier to be used in applications where the gain needs to be dynamically adjusted. PGAs and VGAs are widely used in a variety of RF and microwave applications, including radio and television broadcasting, satellite communications, and radar systems.