U.S. Imposes Up to 3403% Tariffs on Southeast Asia Solar Cells

On April 21, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced a sweeping tariff policy targeting solar cells and panels imported from Southeast Asia that are predominantly manufactured by facilities based in China. These new anti-dumping and countervailing duties could reach as high as 3403.96%, depending on the country of origin.

The tariffs apply to solar products imported from Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia, after investigations revealed that these items benefited from unfair pricing strategies and foreign government subsidies.

According to preliminary findings, Cambodia faces the highest potential countervailing duties at 3403.96%, followed by Thailand (up to 799.55%), Vietnam (up to 542.64%), and Malaysia (up to 168.80%). These measures are specifically aimed at solar products that, while shipped from Southeast Asia, are effectively produced by Chinese-owned and operated manufacturing facilities.

Notably, major Chinese solar manufacturers such as Hounen, Trinasolar, and Jinko Solar are named in the case, with duties expected to be applied to company-specific operations. Over recent years, China-based companies have significantly expanded production in Southeast Asia, transforming the region into a central hub for the U.S. solar market.

This initiative is part of a broader U.S. strategy to strengthen domestic solar production and clean energy industries. Since January 1, the U.S. has increased import duties on Chinese-made solar wafers and polysilicon—crucial components in solar cell manufacturing—to 50%.

China remains a dominant force in the global solar supply chain, accounting for nearly 90% of the market across key segments, from polysilicon production to complete photovoltaic modules. Its cost efficiencies continue to attract global players seeking competitive and sustainable energy solutions.

The U.S. International Trade Commission is set to deliver its final ruling on the tariff rates by June 2, a decision that could have long-term implications for global solar sourcing and technology strategies.